1. komponenta

Lecture type	Total
Lectures	30
Practicum	30

* Load is given in academic hour (1 academic hour = 45 minutes)

LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. Analyze the results of abiotic and biotic factors in inland waters by the proper interpretation of the causes and consequences on the various examples of aquatic ecosystems.
2. Connect the distribution of nutrients, metabolic gases and other chemical parameters with the substances circulation in freshwater systems.
3. Explain the interaction of biotic factors in aquatic communities of running and stagnant waters considering the trophic structure of the community.
4. Present the results of field and laboratory studies of abiotic and biotic factors in the freshwaters by applying of appropriate methods of collecting and processing samples.
5. Assess the degree of anthropogenic impacts and appropriate measures to protect freshwater ecosystems.

COURSE CONTENT
1-2. LECTURE Water resources and water properties.Lakes main characteristics and division with regard to the origin.
2-3. LECTURE Features of running waters(hydrological characteristics, catchment area, transport of materials). Overview the diversityof freshwater ecosystems in the Republic of Croatia.
4-5. LECTURE Physical factors in the freshwater ecosystems: thermal and lighting conditions, water movement.
5-6. LECTURE Gas exchange in water.The ionic composition of freshwaters, pH, alkalinity, water hardness, conductivity.
7-8. LECTURE The cycle of carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur.Production and energy relationships in aquatic ecosystems.
9-10. LECTURE Structural and functional characteristics of freshwater aquatic communities. Plankton.
11-13 LECTURE Structural and functional characteristics of freshwater aquatic communities. Macrophytes. Benthos and periphyton. Nekton.Waterfowl.
14-15. LECTURE Anthropogenic impacts: consequences and solutions.

EXERCISES

1-4. Analyses of physico-chemical factors and food in different water samples (volumetric and spectrophotometric analysis).
5-6. Sampling methods and analysis of diversity, abundance and functional feeding guilds in samples of benthos.
7-8. Sampling methods and analysis of diversity and abundance in periphyton samples.
9-12. Sampling methods and analysis of diversity, abundance and functional trophic groups in plankton samples.
13th Computer processing of the analyzed data.
14-15. Analysis of the microfauna and abiotic indicators of quality in the activated sludge.

1. Wetzel, R. (2011): Limnology Lake and River Ecosystems. 3rd edition, Academic Press, An imprint of Elsevier.
2. Allan, J. D. (1995): Stream ecology. Structure and function of running water. Chapman & Hall.
3. Špoljar, M. (2013): Limnologija, PMF, Zagreb, prezentacije predavanja i praktikuma dostupne na interetskim stranicama Biološkog odsjeka.
4. Brönmark,C. & Hansson, L-A. (1998): The Biology of Lake and Pods. Oxford University Press,Oxford,New York.Limnological Analyses. Springer, New York.
5. Tedeschi, S. (1997): Zaštita voda. Hrvatsko društvo građevinskih inženjera. Sveučilišna tiskara, Zagreb.
6. APHA (1995): Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Amer. Pub. Health Assoc., New York
7. Izbor iz limnoloških časopisa i internetskih stranica

Izborni predmeti - Regular study - Ecology and Nature Preservation